The molecular formula of melamine phosphate is C3H6N6O4P. This molecular formula indicates that each melamine phosphate molecule is composed of 3 carbon atoms, 6 hydrogen atoms, 6 nitrogen atoms, 4 oxygen atoms and 1 phosphorus atom.

The structural formula of melamine phosphate shows the connection mode and spatial arrangement between its atoms. Specifically, melamine phosphate is a salt formed by the reaction of melamine and phosphate ions. In the melamine molecule, there are three cyano groups (-CN), which have high reactivity. When melamine reacts with phosphoric acid, the phosphate ion (PO4^3-) reacts with the nitrogen atom in the melamine molecule to form a nitrogen-phosphorus bond, thereby generating melamine phosphate.

At the molecular level, each melamine molecule is connected to three phosphoric acid molecules through its amino group, and each phosphoric acid molecule is combined with three melamine molecules. This highly symmetrical connection method forms a regular pore structure.

X-ray diffraction analysis shows that melamine phosphate belongs to the monoclinic system, with a space group of P21/c, unit cell parameters a=0.85nm, b=1.25nm, c=0.72nm, and β=98.5°. This ordered crystal structure not only ensures the thermal stability of the material, but also provides it with good mechanical properties.

Melamine Phosphate Structure

The structural characteristics of melamine phosphate directly determine its performance advantages

  • The dense hydrogen bond network between molecules gives it excellent thermal stability, and the decomposition temperature can reach above 350°C.
  • The regular pore structure gives the material good adsorption properties and can be used for gas separation and purification.
  • The rich nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the structure give it excellent flame retardant properties and are widely used as flame retardants in polymer materials.

Melamine phosphate, as a phosphorus-nitrogen composite synergistic flame retardant, is an environmentally friendly intumescent flame retardant. It has high thermal stability and fire resistance, can maintain structural stability at high temperatures, and release flame-retardant gases, thereby effectively preventing the spread of fire. In addition, melamine phosphate also has good processing properties and compatibility with other materials, and can be widely used in flame retardant materials, coatings, adhesives and other fields.

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