Flame Retardancy Mechanism of Melamine Hydrobromide

  • Melamine Hydrobromide Thermal Decomposition and Char Formation:
    Melamine Hydrobromide decomposes at around 200°C, releasing non-combustible gases such as ammonia and hydrobromic acid, which dilute flammable gases in the combustion zone. This reaction also promotes the formation of a stable char layer on the surface of the polypropylene, acting as a physical barrier that prevents heat and oxygen from penetrating the material.

  • Melamine Hydrobromide Gas-Phase Inhibition:
    The bromine radicals released during decomposition interact with free radicals in the flame, disrupting the combustion chain reaction and reducing heat release.

Improved Performance with Low Additive Loading

  • Low Concentration, High Effectiveness:
    Adding as little as 1.5% MHB to homopolymer polypropylene is sufficient to achieve a UL94 V2 rating. This low loading minimizes the impact on the mechanical and aesthetic properties of the material.

  • Compatibility with Fillers:
    MHB can be used alongside inorganic fillers such as talc or barium sulfate (10–20% loading) without compromising flame-retardant performance. This synergy further enhances mechanical strength and cost efficiency.

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Advantages of MHB in Polypropylene

  • Non-Blooming and Migration Resistance:
    MHB remains well-dispersed in the polymer matrix, ensuring long-term stability without surface blooming or migration.
  • Environmental Compliance:
    MHB is free of organic brominated compounds, enabling it to meet SGS and REACH standards, making it environmentally friendly.
  • Enhanced Transparency:
    Its minimal impact on optical properties allows for the production of transparent flame-retardant polypropylene products, making it suitable for applications requiring clarity.
  • Durability:
    Excellent resistance to light and thermal degradation ensures material longevity, even under challenging environmental conditions.

Conclusion

The incorporation of melamine hydrobromide into polypropylene provides a versatile and effective solution for enhancing flame retardancy. Its low additive requirement, environmental compliance, and compatibility with fillers and transparent applications make it a highly attractive option for various industrial uses.

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